Olmesartan and Amlodipine: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Precautions
Uses
Olmesartan and amlodipine are commonly prescribed together as a combination therapy to manage high blood pressure (hypertension) when a single medication is insufficient.
- Olmesartan: An angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that relaxes blood vessels by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a substance that causes blood vessel constriction.
- Amlodipine: A calcium channel blocker (CCB) that relaxes and widens blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing blood pressure.
The combination helps lower blood pressure more effectively, reducing the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems.
Dosage
The dosage is individualized based on the patient's blood pressure levels and response to treatment.
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Initial Dose:
- Typically, Olmesartan 20 mg + Amlodipine 5 mg once daily.
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Maintenance Dose:
- Adjusted to 20–40 mg of Olmesartan + 5–10 mg of Amlodipine once daily.
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Maximum Dose:
- 40 mg Olmesartan + 10 mg Amlodipine per day.
It is usually taken once daily, with or without food.
Side Effects
Common side effects:
- Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when starting treatment).
- Swelling of hands, feet, or ankles (amlodipine-related).
- Fatigue or weakness.
- Nausea or stomach discomfort.
Serious side effects (seek medical attention):
- Severe low blood pressure (hypotension).
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat.
- Persistent swelling of the face, lips, or throat (angioedema).
- High potassium levels (symptoms: muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat).
- Signs of kidney problems (e.g., reduced urination, swelling).
Precautions
- Pregnancy/Breastfeeding:
- Olmesartan is contraindicated in pregnancy (especially in the second and third trimesters) due to risks to the fetus. Consult your doctor if breastfeeding.
- Kidney/Liver Conditions: Dose adjustments may be required.
- Low Blood Pressure or Dehydration: Avoid use in patients with severe dehydration or very low blood pressure.
- Drug Interactions:
- Avoid combining with potassium supplements, potassium-sparing diuretics, or NSAIDs without medical advice.
- Inform your doctor about all current medications, including other blood pressure medicines.
- Driving and Machinery: Amlodipine can cause dizziness; avoid activities requiring alertness until you know how the medication affects you.
Key Notes:
- Take the medication at the same time daily to maintain consistent blood pressure control.
- Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- Stay hydrated, but avoid excessive salt or potassium intake.
- Report any unusual side effects or persistent symptoms to your doctor.
This combination therapy is effective when used under medical supervision and as part of a comprehensive plan, including diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes, for managing high blood pressure.